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THE CONSTITUTION, MADE UNDERSTANDABLE

Article 243ZH
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Source edition: as on 1 May 2026. Omitted and struck-down reference entries remain labelled. Open the authoritative PDF ↗

Article 243ZH / Part IXB

Definitions

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Plain languageOfficial textPurpose & sources
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THE PLAIN-LANGUAGE GUIDE

What does this mean?

This defines terms for the co-operative-societies Part. That Part's application must also be read with the Supreme Court's decision concerning State co-operatives and the Ninety-seventh Amendment.

Governance provisions for co-operative societies, subject to the Supreme Court's ruling on their constitutional application.

PURPOSE & CONTEXT

Why is this provision here?

A detailed institutional framework needs precise meanings for the terms that determine its scope.

Historical evidence

Article 243ZH was introduced in its present subject framework by Amendment 97 (2011), after the original Constitution. The verified sources are the official edition and the linked Amendment Act and Bill statement. Original 1946–1950 Assembly debates predate this insertion and are not presented as its direct drafting reason. The explanation of function above is editorial; the Bill statement supplies the attributed legislative reasons for the later proposal.

The explanation of purpose is an editorial reading of the provision. A drafting motive is attributed only where a linked historical source supports it.

Limits, exceptions & reading carefully

Educational summary of the linked source text. Exceptions, provisos, implementing laws and applicable judgments must be read before applying it to a real case.

Part IXB must be read with Union of India v. Rajendra N. Shah (2021), which limits its application concerning State co-operatives.

Amendment references
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Read the official constitutional text
243ZH. Definitions.—In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) “authorised person” means a person referred to as such in article 243ZQ; (b) “board” means the board of directors or the governing body of a co-operative society, by whatever name called, to which the direction and control of the management of the affairs of a society is entrusted to; (c) “co-operative society” means a society registered or deemed to be registered under any law relating to co-operative societies for the time being in force in any State; (d) “multi-State co-operative society” means a society with objects not confined to one State and registered or deemed to be registered under any law for the time being in force relating to such co-operatives; (e) “office bearer” means a President, Vice-President, Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, Secretary or Treasurer, of a co-operative society and includes any other person to be elected by the board of any co-operative society; (f) “Registrar” means the Central Registrar appointed by the Central Government in relation to the multi-State co-operative societies and the Registrar for co-operative societies appointed by the State Government under the law made by the Legislature of a State in relation to co-operative societies; (g) “State Act” means any law made by the Legislature of a State; (h) “State level co-operative society” means a co-operative society having its area of operation extending to the whole of a State and defined as such in any law made by the Legislature of a State.
Source-page notes · may concern neighbouring Articles

1. Part IXB ins. by the Constitution (Ninety-seventh Amendment) Act, 2011, s. 4 (w.e.f. 15-2-2012).

Extracted from the Legislative Department’s May 2026 edition. Page footnotes may refer to neighbouring provisions; check their markers in the PDF. Inclusion in this edition does not by itself establish commencement or judicial effect.